What are Conditions?
Conditions tests if a something is True or False, and it uses Boolean values (type bool) to check that. You see that conditions are either True or False (with no quotes!).
2 < 5 3 > 7 x = 11 x > 10 2 * x < x type(True)
The results of these tests decides what happens next.
- Conditional statements in Python
- Python Programming – Decision Making
- How to Test for Positive Numbers in Python | Python Program to Check if Number is Positive
When to use a Condition?
If you want to check if the user typed in the right word or to see if a number is higher / lower than 100.
Syntax Explained
First, lets look at Pythons if statement code block. Rememeber, to indicate a block of code in Python, you must indent each line of the block by the same amount.
If ...else if condition: statements elif condition: statements else: statements
If, elif and else are keywords in Python. A condition is a test for something ( is x less than y, is x == y etc. ) The colon (:) at the end of the if line is required. Statements are instructions to follow if the condition is true. These statements must be indented and is only being run when the if condition is met.
Typical conditions are: xy, x<=y, x>=y, x!=y and x==y. If you want more choices, you will have to include at least two conditions . The "else" MUST be preceded by an if test and will ONLY run when condition of the if statement is NOT met. else will run if all others fail. If you only have two choices in your construction, use if ..else If there are more than two options, use if ..elif ..else.. that will make it easier to read elif is short for "else if"
Conditional Tests
An If statement sets an condition with one or more if statement that will be used when a condition is met. There can be zero or more elif parts, and the else part is optional. The keyword 'elif' is short for 'else if', and is useful to avoid excessive indentation. An if ... elif ... elif ... sequence is a substitute for the switch or case statements found in other languages.
x = raw_input("What is the time?") if x < 10: print "Good morning" elif x<12: print "Soon time for lunch" elif x<18: print "Good day" elif x<22: print "Good evening" else: print "Good night"
# Allowed users to login allowed_users = ['bill', 'steve'] # Get the username from a prompt username = raw_input("What is your login? : ") # Control if the user belongs to allowed_users if username in allowed_users: print "Access granted" else: print "Access denied"
Python If statement Code Block
To get an easy overview of Pythons if statement code block
if : [do something] .... .... elif [another statement is true]: [do something else] .... .... else: [do another thing] .... ....
For more reading, please see Python's official documentation.